Every case, with an example
| Case | “the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog” becomes | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| UPPERCASE | THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG | Headings, signs and acronyms. |
| lowercase | the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog | Tidying text that was typed with Caps Lock on. |
| Title Case | The Quick Brown Fox Jumps Over the Lazy Dog | Titles of books, articles and songs. |
| Sentence case | The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog | Normal writing: capital at the start of each sentence. |
| Capitalized Case | The Quick Brown Fox Jumps Over The Lazy Dog | Every word starts with a capital, even small ones. |
| camelCase | theQuickBrownFoxJumpsOverTheLazyDog | Variable names in JavaScript and Java. |
| snake_case | the_quick_brown_fox_jumps_over_the_lazy_dog | Variable names in Python and database columns. |
| kebab-case | the-quick-brown-fox-jumps-over-the-lazy-dog | Web addresses and CSS class names. |
How Title Case works here
Title Case capitalizes the main words and keeps short words lower case in the middle of a title: articles (a, an, the), short conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, so, yet) and short prepositions (at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up, via). The first and last words, and the first word after a colon, are always capitalized. Words with capitals inside them, like iPhone, and short acronyms like NASA are left as you typed them.
Style guides differ on the details. AP style, for example, capitalizes prepositions of four or more letters (With, From), while Chicago keeps all prepositions lower case. Check your publication’s guide if it matters.
Frequently asked questions
How do I fix text typed with Caps Lock on?
Paste it in and choose Sentence case. It lowercases everything, then capitalizes the first letter of each sentence and the word I. Names will need capitals added back by hand.
Is my text saved or uploaded?
No. The conversion runs entirely in your browser and nothing is sent anywhere.
What’s the difference between Title Case and Capitalized Case?
Capitalized Case capitalizes every word, including “of” and “the”. Title Case follows the usual rules for titles and keeps those small words lower case.
More writing tools
Count words and reading time with the Word Counter, check limits with the Character Counter, or write out numbers with Number to Words.